The extra risk of cancer associated with lifetime exposure to arsenic in drinking water is 1.35 in 10,000 or approximately 0.01% . The Oral Slope Factor is 5.50E-02 (mg/kg-day)-1. 3. ug x 1.5 per mg/kg/d = 1.35 X 10-4. Math time! to arsenic cancer risk assessment (2-5). Status US EPA Arsenic CSF • To date: – Current cancer health risk for arsenic exposure based: • Increased incidence skin cancer associated with high As drinking water exposure in Taiwan • Conservative linear extrapolation: high to low dose • Results expressed as Cancer Slope Factor (CSF) –C SsnF rmetaia 1.5 (mg As/kg-day)-1 [9/20/09] This finding is independent of the summary exposure metric used. EPA evaluates the potential carcinogenicity of a substance using a two-step process—a qualitative weight-of-evidence approach and a quantitative assessment to define the relationship between dose and the likelihood of a theoretical increase in cancer cases in a population. 4/99 [7/90] 1 … Although the 2010 EPA proposed slope factor has been controversial, it assumes a linear-dose response, which is consistent with the approach used by EPA for most carcinogens, and is supported by the findings of recent studies of arsenic and lung and bladder cancer at low-to-moderate arsenic exposure concentrations in US populations. F ACETALDEHYDE . 1.0E-02 : 4/99 [5/93] 1 . This value is not used because IRIS indicates “Preliminary Assessment Materials” were released on 04/2015 indicating that the 2010 Tox Review is being updated. For exposure estimation, the data in Table 2 provide the mean adjusted total arsenic content of foods used in the EFSA ( 27 ) dietary exposure estimates along with the conversion factors from total arsenic to iAs in each of the different foodstuffs provided in JECFA ( 26 ). 75-07-0 ; 4.7E+02 . The cancer slope factor for the bladder and lung cancer mortality by well water arsenic concentration in the southwest Taiwan Blackfoot Disease shows a discontinuity at levels above and below 100-200 ppb in a reiterative truncated Poisson regression analysis. That potency is called the slope factor and is a "theoretical estimate for humans" which CalEPA calls the q human which is in (mg/kg-day)-1. Slope factors, or cancer potency factors, for incidence of each arsenic-related cancer. The risk assessment examples presented for arsenic in soil and in CCA-treated wood thus demonstrate that, regardless of how numerical risks may change as a result of revision of the cancer slope factor, dietary and water exposure can be used to … Taking the risk of other cancers (bladder, lung, etc.) 12/08 : 1.4E+02 . tary that assuming a zero arsenic intake for the control population would artificially increase the slope … They provide an indication of the cancer potency of the substance. slope factor: As Smith et al. The cancer slope factor for arsenic ingestion developed by the USEPA is based on a study of Taiwanese who were exposed to elevated arsenic concentrations in drinking water (Tseng et … ELCR = Lifetime Average Daily Dose x Cancer Slope Factor = 0.09 ug/kg/d x 1 mg/10. – EPA completed the risk assessment for inorganic arsenic – Cancer Slope Factor was derived based on skin cancer effects • 1999 NRC Report - Arsenic in Drinking Water – EPA requested NRC to evaluate EPA’s1988 risk assessment and review and comment on new arsenic toxicity database. The Inhalation Unit Risk study target organ is blood. It is also important to note that this analysis relies on a proposed cancer slope factor derived based on women, who appear to be more sensitive than men with regard to bladder and lung cancers resulting from arsenic exposure (U.S. EPA 2010). The risk of cancer from arsenic is calculated using an estimate of arsenic exposure and an arsenic cancer slope factor. On the basis of these data and the oral slope factor [1.5E0 (mg/kg/day) −1] reported by the U.S. EPA for iAs, the mean skin cancer risk through cooked hijiki consumption was calculated to be 2.4 × 10 −4 (range = 1.6 × 10 −6 −7.0 × 10 −4), which exceeded the acceptable level of 10 −5. Smoking status information is also lacking in the Taiwan based studies utilized to derive the cancer slope factor. Abstract Arsenic is a naturally occurring element, found in soil, some groundwaters, and food. Inorganic Arsenic (Cancer) dated 2/19/2010 presents a revised oral cancer slope factor value of 25.7 (mg/kg/day)-1. 2.2 Cancer Slope Factor (CSF) and Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR) Definition/Derivation. Explain. ii. We identified bladder and lung cancer as high-priority endpoints and used meta-regression to pool data across studies from different regions of the world to derive oral cancer slope factors (CSFs) and unit risks (excess risk per μg/L) for iAs based on the background risks of bladder and lung cancer in the US. Date. Conclusion: There is a discontinuity in the cancer slope factor or risk from arsenic exposure that occurs in the range of 100-200. ug/L. Appendix G. Procedures for revisiting or delisting cancer potency factors by the program of origin. This value is consistent with the slope factor used by EPA's Office of Water for the arsenic maximum contaminant level (MCL). 1.3E-03 . The Oral Slope Factor study target organ is blood. Does the EPA believe arsenic is probably a carcinogen? Source; PubMed; Authors: Tracey M. Slayton. ACETALDEHYDE: 75070: 0.0077: I: y Other key factors such as degree of exposure misclassification, temporal variability in assigning past arsenic levels from recent Why? An asbestos quantity conversion factor for calculating asbestos concentrations expressed as 100 fibers/m3 from asbestos concentrations expressed as µg/m3. Issues in Arsenic Cancer Risk Assessment. The cancer slope factor "SFo" for arsenic that the EPA wants to use is based on the idea that there is a dose-response for carcinogens as there is for non-carcinogens. The inflection point where the slope is no longer positive occurs in the range of 100-200. ug/L, depending upon whether the exposure metric used is the median, the mean or the maximum. have noted, we incorrectly stated in our original commen? Until EPA is further along in the update process, the 1998 IRIS CSF is being used. (1 point) L. Based on the EPA potency (oral slope factor), what would the lifetime risk of cancer be for an individual who consumed 0.01 mg/kg/day of arsenic every day over their lifetime? The Arsenic Cancer Slope Factor Workgroup consists of members of the Office of Water, the Office of Research and Development, the Antimicrobial Division and the Health Effects Division of the Office of Pesticide Programs, the Office of Children's Health Protection, the Office of Solid Waste, and the Office of Emergency Response and Remediation. Chemical Name: CAS Number: Oral slope factor (1/mg/kg/d) Inhalation slope factor (1/mg/kg/d) Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)? (2 points) K. Did the EPA come to this judgement based on a human or animal study? measurements of total and inorganic arsenic in different foods. Cancer Potency Factor (mg/kg-d)-1. Chemical Name: CAS Number: Chemical Class: Oral slope factor (mg/kg-d)-1: Inhalation slope factor (mg/kg-d)-1: Inhalation unit risk (mg/m3)-1 We estimated slope factors for arsenic-related bladder and lung cancers, and used the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency skin cancer slope factor, to calculate the annual risk of the cancer incidence in males and females within each country cluster. Given potential exposure differentials and sensitivity to arsenic exposure, some uncertainty exists in the magnitude of the cancer burden. cancers combined. c . The authors’ risk assessment assumed a cancer slope factor for iAs that’s more than 17 times higher than the cancer slope factor adopted by the EPA in 1998 for skin cancer. A proposed increase in the arsenic cancer slope factor to 3.67 per mg/kg-day (U.S. EPA, 2006) will increase risk assessment results accordingly. co-carcinogenic or synergistic factor in bladder and lung cancer causation. Appendix H. 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